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Electroencephalogram (EEG)
An Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a medical test used to measure the electrical activity of the brain. It helps in detecting abnormalities related to electrical impulses within the brain which may cause various neurological or psychiatric problems.
Why It Is Done:
An EEG is commonly recommended for patients who may have:
- Seizures or epilepsy
- Unexplained fainting spells
- Head injuries
- Sleep disorders
- Brain infections (like encephalitis)
- Unexplained periods of confusion or unconsciousness
- Psychiatric conditions requiring neurological evaluation
How It Is Performed:
In this procedure:
- Several small metal discs called electrodes, attached to thin wires, are placed on the patient’s scalp using a special paste.
- These electrodes detect the brain’s tiny electrical signals generated by the activity of brain cells.
- The signals are then amplified and displayed on a computer screen in the form of continuous wave patterns, or recorded on paper.
Duration:
The procedure usually takes about 20 to 40 minutes, though in some cases it may extend longer.
Before the Test:
- Hair should be clean and free of oil, gel, or spray.
- The patient may be asked to avoid caffeine or certain medicines before the test.
After the Test:
- There is no discomfort or after-effect.
- The patient can return to normal routine immediately.
Interpretation:
The EEG recording is interpreted by a psychiatrist or neurologist who looks for abnormal patterns such as spikes, sharp waves, or slowing, which may indicate specific brain disorders.
Note: EEG is a completely safe and painless procedure.
